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Solved Question 14 5 pts Compare the lattice energies of the - Chegg Ca2+ (g) + 2Cl-(g) CaCl2 (s) + U. The trick is to chart a path through the different states of the compound and its constituent elements, starting at the lattice and ending at the gaseous ions. Which one of the following has the largest lattice energy? For example: 7*x^2. Values of lattice energies for various solids have been given in literature, especially for some common solids. The lattice energies for NaCl most often quoted in other texts is about 765 kJ/mol. Calcium chloride has cation Ca 2 + and two anions of Chlorine Cl -. Chemical Bonding in Solids and Fluids. Energy needed to vaporize one mole of Ca (s) is 192 kJ. D of Cl2 = 244 (Bond dissociation energy) Calculate the lattice energy of Cacl2? Lattice Energy= [-436.68-89-(0.5*158)-418.8-(-328)] kJ/mol=, Lattice Energy= [-641.8-146-243-(737.7+1450.6)-(2*-349)] kJ/mol=. That immediately removes any possibility of confusion. where can i find red bird vienna sausage? Hence, a covalent bond may be polar or nonpolar. The Kb of pyridine, C5H5N, is 1.5 x 10-9. The nearest neighbors of Na+ are 6 Cl- ions at a distance 1r, 12 Na+ ions at a distance 2r, 8 Cl- at 3r, 6 Na+ at 4r, 24 Na+ at 5r, and so on. The lattice energy is the total potential energy of the crystal. to the empployees was very informative. Here, we have discussed the ionic nature of calcium chloride. PDF calculating lattice Energies using the born-haber cycle An Extension After this, the amount of energy you put in should be the lattice energy, right? For a single atom in the lattice, the summation of all of these interactions can be found, known as the Madelung constant, MMM, which is then multiplied by the equation above. { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Energy : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Lattice_Energy:_The_Born-Haber_cycle" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Enthalpies_and_Born_Haber_Cycles : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "The_Born-Lande\'_equation" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { Inorganic_Solids : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Basics : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Defects : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Metal_Lattices : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Solids : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Thermodynamics_of_Lattices : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "Born-Haber cycle", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbyncsa", "licenseversion:40" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FInorganic_Chemistry%2FSupplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)%2FCrystal_Lattices%2FThermodynamics_of_Lattices%2FLattice_Energy%253A_The_Born-Haber_cycle, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), status page at https://status.libretexts.org. It is, however, still an approximation, and improvements to the repulsion term have since been made. Calculate the lattice energy of CaCl2 from the given data - Chemistry A is the number of anions coordinated to cation and C is the numbers of cations coordinated to anion. You should talk about "lattice formation enthalpy" if you want to talk about the amount of energy released when a lattice is formed from its scattered gaseous ions. Step-by-step solution Step 1 of 5 The standard enthalpy of formation of an ionic solid from its constituent elements is given by Hess's Law: .. (1) In the equation, = the standard enthalpy of formation of the solid compound CaCO3 + 2NaCl CaCl2 + Na2CO3, Calcium chloride produces free calcium ions i.e., the aqua complex of calcium ion and chloride ion by dissolving themselves in water as follows, CaCl2 + 6H2O > [Ca(H2O)6]2+ + 2Cl. Hence, the chlorine atom will accept the electrons donated by the calcium atom. The lattice energy is the total potential energy of the crystal. Lattice Energy is a type of potential energy that may be defined in two ways. Depending on where you get your data from, the theoretical value for lattice enthalpy for AgCl is anywhere from about 50 to 150 kJ mol -1 less than the value that comes from a Born-Haber cycle. As implied in the definition, this process will always be exothermic, and thus the value for lattice energy will be negative. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Hence, calcium chloride is an ionic compound. *This is a common error due to confusion caused by the definition of electron affinity, so be careful when doing this calculation. Required fields are marked *. Ca(s) + Cl2(g) ==> CaCl2(s) dHformation = -795 kJ. As defined in Equation \ref{eq1}, the lattice energy is positive, because energy is always required to separate the ions. Calculate the lattice energy of Cacl2 given that the heat of sublimation of Ca=121 kJ/mol and Hf Cacl2=-795 first ionization of ca = 589.5 second ionization of ca = 1145 the electron affinity of Cl = 349 the cl2 bond energy is 242.7 I have found all information that i believe are needed to Lattice Energy: The Born-Haber cycle - Chemistry LibreTexts The ionic and covalent bonds can be differentiated on the basis of the electronegativity difference of the bond between atoms. Legal. Now, it is easy to remove an electron by providing a small amount of energy because it will achieve a stable noble has configuration i.e., the Argon atom. The value for the lattice energy is the difference between the value from Step 1 and the value from Step 4. As the ionic radii of either the cation or anion increase, the lattice energies decrease. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Address: 9241 13th Ave SW Legal. Lattice energy is often used to estimate the strength of an ionic bond. Solved: Calculate the lattice energy of CaCl2 using a Born - Chegg Just copy it and share your work with friends: Crystal lattice energy for selected ion pairs (kJ/mol), Crystal lattice energy: theory vs experimental data (kJ/mol), Links to external sites (leaving Calculla? You're probably well aware of how ubiquitous ionic lattices are - you'll find them in your food, medicine, and maybe even in the walls of your house - but by learning what lattice energy is, the lattice energy formula, and the lattice energy trend, your appreciation for chemistry will surely increase. What is the lattice energy of CaCl2? - Answers Calculate the enthalpy of solution per mole of solid CaCl2. This constant varies from lattice structure to lattice structure, and the most common are present in the lattice energy calculator. The hydration enthalpy is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous ions dissolve in sufficient water to give an infinitely dilute solution. the energy released is called energy of crystallization (\(E_{cryst}\)). Enter the the Ksp expression forC2D3 in terms of the molar solubility x.? However, many nonmetals will exist as polyatomic species. No creo que Susana _____ (seguir) sobre los consejos de su mdico. Combs, Leon. and P. Day. (Elements in their natural state have an energy level of zero.) Ca^+(g) --> Ca^2+ + e dH = + 1146 kJ Thus, Ca-O distance is 241 pm. Therefore, option (c) is correct. Rearrangement to solve for lattice energy gives the equation: Lattice energy= Heat of formation- Heat of atomization- Dissociation energy- (sum of Ionization energies)- (sum of Electron Affinities). This energy is known as Lattice Energy (U) and its value depends upon the strength of the Ionic bond. { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Energy : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "Lattice_Energy:_The_Born-Haber_cycle" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Enthalpies_and_Born_Haber_Cycles : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "The_Born-Lande\'_equation" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { Inorganic_Solids : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Basics : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Lattice_Defects : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Metal_Lattices : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Solids : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", Thermodynamics_of_Lattices : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "Born-Haber cycle", "Lattice Energy", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbyncsa", "energy of crystallization", "licenseversion:40" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FInorganic_Chemistry%2FSupplemental_Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)%2FCrystal_Lattices%2FThermodynamics_of_Lattices%2FLattice_Energy, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\). The chemical bond is the force of attraction between the atoms of the molecule, which brings atoms together in their chemical structure. How Ionic Bond formation takes place in Calcium Chloride, Differentiation between Ionic and Covalent bond. 3 Answers C5H5N in water > C5H5NH+ & OH- Kb = [C5H5NH+] [OH-] / [C5H5N] 1.5e-9 = [x] 1. This kind of construction is known as a Born-Haber cycle. MgCl2 Expert Answer 100% (6 ratings) Let us First consider the Born-Lande equation for computing Lattice Energy- So from the equation,two things are clear which the Lattice Energy U depends on- The Charge on the ions- Lattice Energy U is directlry proportional with the charge View the full answer Previous question Next question Hsub of Na = 108 kJ/mol (Heat of sublimation) They are: 1. The application of these new equation are, however, still quite niche and the improvements not as significant. The lattice energy of CaO is 3460 kJ/mol. Lattice energy is defined as the energy released during the conversion of gaseous ions into their corresponding solid ions. Dissociation : Cl 2(g) 2Cl (g) H 3 = +242.8 KJ mol-1 . Discussion:This number has not been checked. Answered: (a) Based on the lattice energies of | bartleby Question: Which of the following compounds has the largest lattice Now, the calcium cation and the chlorine anions are attracted by the electrostatic force of attraction and hence, there is the formation of an ionic bond between these two atoms. The lattice energy (U) of the calcium chloride is . For NaCl, the lattice dissociation enthalpy is +787 kJ mol-1. Chemists, for various reasons, like to have exact and sometimes unintuitive definitions, but they do serve a purpose, we assure you. Permalink is the link containing your input data. Calculate the lattice energy of CaCl2 from the given data Ca A ( s) + Cl A 2 A ( g) CaCl A 2 A ( s) H f H f 0 = 795 kJ mol 1 Sublimation: (g) Ca A ( s) Ca (g) H H 1 0 = + 121 kJ mol 1 Ionisation: Ca A ( g) Ca A 2 + A ( g) + 2 e A H H 2 0 = + 2422 kJ mol 1 Dissociation: Cl A 2 A ( g) 2 Cl A ( g) H H 3 0 = + 242.8 kJ mol 1 Suzuki, Takashi. They are instead surrounded by a number of electron orbitals regardless of charge (unless you have managed to remove all of the electrons, as in the case of H+\text{H}^+H+, of course). calculate the lattice energy of CaCl2. The electronegativity difference of the Ca-Cl bond in the calcium chloride compound is 2.16 on the Pauling scale, which is greater than 2.0 and confirms the ionic nature of the Ca-Cl bond. In order to use the Born-Haber Cycle, there are several concepts that we must understand first. As an example, let us consider the the NaCl crystal. Energy of crystallization is -3527 kJ/mol. How Calcium Chloride is an Ionic compound? The enthalpies of formation of the ionic molecules cannot alone account for this stability. As one might expect, the best way of finding the energy of a lattice is to take an amount of the substance, seal it in an insulated vessel (to prevent energy exchange with the surroundings), and then heat the vessel until all of the substance is gas. Metals exist in nature as single atoms and thus no dissociation energy needs to be added for this element. Lattice energy i s the heat of formation when one mole of crystalline ionic solid is generated from its constituent ions in their gaseous state. Sometimes on Family Guy when there about to take someones heart out they say, calimar or maybe its spelled different. Therefore, the hard-sphere equation for lattice energy is: U=\frac {N_ {\text {A}}z^+z^-e^2 M} {4\pi\varepsilon_0r_0} U = 40r0N Az +z e2M where: N_ {\text {A}} N A Avogadro's number; and M M Madelung constant. Before we get to grips with finding the lattice energy, it's important to know the lattice energy definition as it is quite peculiar. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Beryllium forms a compound with chlorine that has the empirical formula BeCl2. What is the lattice energy? The Born-Haber Cycle can be reduced to a single equation: Heat of formation= Heat of atomization+ Dissociation energy+ (sum of Ionization energies)+ (sum of Electron affinities)+ Lattice energy. Note, that while the increase in r++rr^++r^-r++r in the electronic repulsion term actually increases the lattice energy, the other r++rr^++r^-r++r has a much greater effect on the overall equation, and so the lattice energy decreases. Let us understand the formation of calcium chloride in detail. Your email address will not be published. Which one of the following has the greatest Lattice Energy? Much more should be considered in order to evaluate the lattice energy accurately, but the above calculation leads you to a good start. Spanish Help Calculate the lattice enthalpy of CaCl 2, given that :Enthalpy of sublimation for Ca s Ca g =121 kJ mol 1Enthalpy of dissociation of Cl 2 g 2 Cl g =242.8 kJ mol 1Ionisation energy of Ca g Ca ++ g =2422 kJ mol 1Electron gain enthalpy of 2 Cl 2 Cl 1 =2 355 kJ mol 1= 710 kJ mol 1Enthalpy of formation of CaCl 2= 795 kJ mol 1A. After the removal of an electron, the electronic configuration of the unipositive calcium ion becomes [Ar] 4s1. What is the lattice energy of Calcium Chloride? - Vedantu Calculate the lattice enegry of CaCl2 from the given data. Vol. This has been going on for about a week Every time I try to watch a video on Youtube from my laptop I get instantly redirected to "gslbeacon.ligit.com." In this bond order calculator we will show you how to find the bond order using Lewis structures, or a formula derived from the molecular orbital theory. Why is CaCl2 more soluble in water than CaF2? - Quora The Born-Haber Cycle requires that the elements involved in the reaction are in their gaseous forms. For these reasons they have not been included in the present lattice energy calculator. The heat energy released when new bonds are made between the ions and water molecules is known as the hydration enthalpy of the ion. \[\ce{M_{a} L_{b} (s) \rightarrow a M^{b+} (g) + b X^{a-} (g) } \label{eq1}\]. Table 8.2 Figure 7.9 Skill:Evaluate the lattice energy and know what values are needed. THIS QUESTION IS BASED UPON BORN HABER CYCLE, ca(s) + cl2(g) __ Cacl2 now deltaHf = 795 kj/mol, total ionisation enthalpy = 589.5 + 1145 = 1734.5 kj/mol, total bond dissociation enthalpy = 242.7 kj/mol, we have two cl atoms so electron gain enthalpy for two atoms is = 2*(-349) = -698 kj/mol as electron gain enthalpy = -(electron affinity), enthalpy of formation = enthalpy of sublimation + ionisation enthalpy + bond dissociation enthalpy + electron gain enthalpy + lattice enthalpy, -795 = 1734.5+121+242.7-698+lattice enthalpy, so lattice enthalpy = -795 1400.2 = 2195.2 kj/mol, I have found all information that i believe are needed to, For the best answers, search on this site https://shorturl.im/jHX2X, You will need to draw a born harbour cycle. plz tell me what are the steps to solve this question. Add the changes in enthalpy to turn one of the elements into its gaseous state, and then do the same for the other element. The energy to break 1 mole of a lattice at the standard temperature and pressure is defined as the standard lattice energy. (a) doubling . The calcium chloride compound consists of one calcium atom and two chlorine atoms. Calculate the lattice enthalpy of CaCl 2, given that :Enthalpy of Lattice energy is influenced by a number of factors: 787.3 kJ/mol is the lattice energy of NaCl. So, how to calculate lattice energy experimentally, then? These additional reactions change the total energy in the system, making finding what is the lattice energy directly difficult. *Note: In this general equation, the electron affinity is added. The atomic mass calculator takes the number of protons and neutrons in an atom and displays the atomic mass in atomic mass units and kilograms. This is because ions are generally unstable, and so when they inevitably collide as they diffuse (which will happen quite a lot considering there are over 600 sextillion atoms in just one mole of substance as you can discover with our Avogadro's number calculator) they are going to react to form more stable products. The formation of calcium chloride can be explained by the Born Haber cycle. Lattice Energy Calculator Usually, the second ionization energy is greater than the first ionization energy. In summary, calcium chloride is an ionic compound owing to the large electronegativity difference of the Ca-Cl bond in calcium chloride, which is greater than 2.0. As we know that the calcium atom belongs to group 2 of the modern periodic table and hence, it is a metal. The lattice energy is usually given in kilojules per mole (kJ/mol). The molecular weight of its anhydrous form is 111 g/mol. Calcium chloride is highly soluble in water owing to its ionic nature. Reference for second table (theoretical and BHFC values) is. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Jenkins, H. Donald B. An Hinglish word (Hindi/English). El subjuntivo CALCULLA - Table of lattice energy values The melting and boiling point of anhydrous calcium chloride is very high. Some are given here. Ca(g) --> Ca^+ + e dH = + 589.5 kJ 2 k J m o l -. Discussion (a) Based on the lattice energies of MgCl2 and SrCl2 given in Table 8.2, what is the range of values that you would expect for the lattice energy of CaCl2? Calculate the lattice enegry of CaCl2 from the given data Ca(s For NaCl, the lattice formation enthalpy is -787 kJ mol-1. As there is the formation of cations and anion, there will be the electrostatic force of attraction between them. Determine the energy of the metal and nonmetal in their elemental forms. Looking at the Kapustinskii equation above, we can begin to understand some of the lattice energy trends as we move across and down the periodic table. Lattice Energy: The Born-Haber cycle is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. The ionic solid CaCl would have the largest lattice energy. Hence, ionic bond results when there is transferring of electron (s) either from one atom to another atom or from metal to nonmetal. Next, the electron affinity of the nonmetal will be subtracted from the previous value. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. IP of Na(g) = 496 (Ionization potential or energy) However, when plugging in a value, determine whether energy is released (exothermic reaction) or absorbed (endothermic reaction) for each electron affinity. The size of the lattice energy is connected to many other physical properties including solubility, hardness, and volatility. How do you find the lattice energy of CaCl2? ---------------------------------- PLEASE HELP!!! Nonmetals easily accept these electrons owing to their high electron gain enthalpy or electron affinity. [References) CHEMWORK The lattice energy of CaCl, is-2247 kJ/mol, and the enthalpy of hydration of one mole of gaseous Ca2+ and two moles of gaseous Cl" ions is -2293 kJ/mol. Some might expect such an ordered structure to be less stable because the entropy of the system would be low. For example, using the Kapustinskii equation, the lattice energy of NaCl\text{NaCl}NaCl is 746kJ/mol746\ \text{kJ}/\text{mol}746kJ/mol, while the lattice energy of CaO\text{CaO}CaO is 3430kJ/mol3430\ \text{kJ}/\text{mol}3430kJ/mol.

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